Silicon Soul

$ python3
Python 3.11.2 (main, Mar 13 2023, 17:18:29) [GCC 12.2.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> 

$ python3 -c 'print("Simple is better than complex.")'
Simple is better than complex.
$ 

$ python3 -i -c 'print("Flat is better than nested.")'
Flat is better than nested.
>>> 

>>> help()

Welcome to Python 3.11's help utility!

If this is your first time using Python, you should definitely check out
the tutorial on the internet at https://docs.python.org/3.11/tutorial/.

Enter the name of any module, keyword, or topic to get help on writing
Python programs and using Python modules.  To quit this help utility and
return to the interpreter, just type "quit".

To get a list of available modules, keywords, symbols, or topics, type
"modules", "keywords", "symbols", or "topics".  Each module also comes
with a one-line summary of what it does; to list the modules whose name
or summary contain a given string such as "spam", type "modules spam".

help> 

>>> help('topics')

Here is a list of available topics.  Enter any topic name to get more help.

ASSERTION           DELETION            LOOPING             SHIFTING
ASSIGNMENT          DICTIONARIES        MAPPINGMETHODS      SLICINGS
ATTRIBUTEMETHODS    DICTIONARYLITERALS  MAPPINGS            SPECIALATTRIBUTES
ATTRIBUTES          DYNAMICFEATURES     METHODS             SPECIALIDENTIFIERS
AUGMENTEDASSIGNMENT ELLIPSIS            MODULES             SPECIALMETHODS
BASICMETHODS        EXCEPTIONS          NAMESPACES          STRINGMETHODS
BINARY              EXECUTION           NONE                STRINGS
BITWISE             EXPRESSIONS         NUMBERMETHODS       SUBSCRIPTS
BOOLEAN             FLOAT               NUMBERS             TRACEBACKS
CALLABLEMETHODS     FORMATTING          OBJECTS             TRUTHVALUE
CALLS               FRAMEOBJECTS        OPERATORS           TUPLELITERALS
CLASSES             FRAMES              PACKAGES            TUPLES
CODEOBJECTS         FUNCTIONS           POWER               TYPEOBJECTS
COMPARISON          IDENTIFIERS         PRECEDENCE          TYPES
COMPLEX             IMPORTING           PRIVATENAMES        UNARY
CONDITIONAL         INTEGER             RETURNING           UNICODE
CONTEXTMANAGERS     LISTLITERALS        SCOPING             
CONVERSIONS         LISTS               SEQUENCEMETHODS     
DEBUGGING           LITERALS            SEQUENCES           

>>> help(str)

Help on class str in module builtins:

class str(object)
 |  str(object='') -> str
 |  str(bytes_or_buffer[, encoding[, errors]]) -> str
 ...

>>> 

>>> dir()
['__annotations__', '__builtins__', '__doc__', '__loader__', '__name__', '__package__', '__spec__']
>>> 

>>> from pprint import pprint
>>> pprint(dir(__doc__))
['__bool__',
 '__class__',
 '__delattr__',
 '__dir__',
 '__doc__',
 '__eq__',
 '__format__',
 '__ge__',
 '__getattribute__',
 '__getstate__',
 '__gt__',
 '__hash__',
 '__init__',
 '__init_subclass__',
 '__le__',
 '__lt__',
 '__ne__',
 '__new__',
 '__reduce__',
 '__reduce_ex__',
 '__repr__',
 '__setattr__',
 '__sizeof__',
 '__str__',
 '__subclasshook__']
>>> 

if __name__ == '__main__':
    ex_code

>>> 2 + 2
4
>>> (1000 / 23) - 7
36.47826086956522
>>> 

>>> bool(2 + 2 == 5)
False
>>> bool(3 * 3 == 9)
True
>>> 

>>> sarah_connor = "Good morning, Dr. Silberman. How's the knee?"
>>> sarah_connor
"Good morning, Dr. Silberman. How's the knee?"
>>> print(sarah_connor)
Good morning, Dr. Silberman. How's the knee?
>>> 

>>> "Good morning, Dr. Silberman. How's the knee?"
"Good morning, Dr. Silberman. How's the knee?"
>>> 

>>> type(sarah_connor)
<class 'str'>
>>> 

>>> isinstance(sarah_connor, str)
True
>>> 

>>> erik_lehnsherr = '''\
... I will bring you hope, old friend, and I ask only one thing in return.
... 
... Don't get in my way.\
... '''
>>> erik_lehnsherr
"I will bring you hope, old friend, and I ask only one thing in return.\n\nDon't get in my way."
>>> print(erik_lehnsherr)
I will bring you hope, old friend, and I ask only one thing in return.

Don't get in my way.
>>> 

>>> # String concatenation
>>> the = "This is what we're going to do. I'm going to count to three, "
>>> future = "and I'm going to move the coin."
>>> the + future
"This is what we're going to do. I'm going to count to three, and I'm going to move the coin."
>>> # List concatenation
>>> from textwrap import fill
>>> one = [
...     'You know, in Genosha I felt a lot of things. Pain, grief, admiration '
...     'for those who fought, despite the odds. But you know what the '
...     'oddest thing was? No one seemed shocked or surprised. Not even me!'
... ]
>>> two = [
...     'Yes, I was scared but, really, I just had the most profound sense '
...     "of déjà vu. As if past, present, and future didn't matter and "
...     'never had, because we always end up in the same, ugly place.'
... ]
>>> three = [
...     'Thing is, Magneto knows us better than Charles ever did. Knows we '
...     'know better. That most of us experience tragedies like Genosha as '
...     'a bit of déjà vu before getting on with our day. But the scariest '
...     "thing about Genosha wasn't the death or the chaos, it was a thought. "
...     'The only sane thought you can have when being chased by giant robots '
...     'that were built to crush you.'
... ]
>>> enough = ['Magneto was right.']
>>> for idx, para in enumerate(one + two + three + enough):
...     if idx < 3:
...         print(f'{fill(para)}\n')
...     else:
...         print(fill(para))
... 
You know, in Genosha I felt a lot of things. Pain, grief, admiration
for those who fought, despite the odds. But you know what the oddest
thing was? No one seemed shocked or surprised. Not even me!

Yes, I was scared but, really, I just had the most profound sense of
déjà vu. As if past, present, and future didn't matter and never had,
because we always end up in the same, ugly place.

Thing is, Magneto knows us better than Charles ever did. Knows we know
better. That most of us experience tragedies like Genosha as a bit of
déjà vu before getting on with our day. But the scariest thing about
Genosha wasn't the death or the chaos, it was a thought. The only sane
thought you can have when being chased by giant robots that were built
to crush you.

Magneto was right.
>>> 

>>> from textwrap import fill
>>> quellcrist_falconer = (
...     'I thought I was freeing the human spirit, '
...     'but I was building the roads for Rome. '
...     'Eternal life for those who can afford it, '
...     "means eternal control over those who can't."
... )
>>> len(quellcrist_falconer)  # Length of a string
166
>>> # Lowest index of a substring
>>> quellcrist_falconer.find('the human spirit, ')
24
>>> quellcrist_falconer[42:80]  # String slice
'but I was building the roads for Rome.'
>>> 'control' in quellcrist_falconer  # Substring membership
True
>>> # Search and replace
>>> print(
...     fill(
...         quellcrist_falconer.replace('who can afford it, ',
...                                     'who can afford it...')
...     )
... )
I thought I was freeing the human spirit, but I was building the roads
for Rome. Eternal life for those who can afford it...means eternal
control over those who can't.
>>> 

>>> luke = 'cage'
>>> f'No one can {luke} a man if he truly wants to be free.'
'No one can cage a man if he truly wants to be free.'
>>> 

>>> 35098234.19872 - 82738493.29873
-47640259.10001
>>> # Use comma as separator, present with two decimal places as a float
>>> f'{35098234.19872 - 82738493.29873:,.2f}'
'-47,640,259.10'
>>> # Use tilde as fill character, center text, limit width to 66 characters
>>> eric_draven = 'Each one of these was a life, a life you helped destroy.'
>>> f'{eric_draven:~^66}'
'~~~~~Each one of these was a life, a life you helped destroy.~~~~~'
>>> 

>>> from pprint import pprint
>>> from textwrap import fill
>>> jessica_jones = "It took someone coming back from the dead...to show me that I've been dead, too."
>>> jj = jessica_jones.split()  # Split string into list of strings
>>> pprint(jj)
['It',
 'took',
 'someone',
 'coming',
 'back',
 'from',
 'the',
 'dead...to',
 'show',
 'me',
 'that',
 "I've",
 'been',
 'dead,',
 'too.']
>>> how_to_live = 'The problem is, I never really figured out how to live.'
>>> jj_how_to_live = jj + how_to_live.split()  # Concatenate lists of strings
>>> pprint(jj_how_to_live)
['It',
 'took',
 'someone',
 'coming',
 'back',
 'from',
 'the',
 'dead...to',
 'show',
 'me',
 'that',
 "I've",
 'been',
 'dead,',
 'too.',
 'The',
 'problem',
 'is,',
 'I',
 'never',
 'really',
 'figured',
 'out',
 'how',
 'to',
 'live.']
>>> # Join list of strings into single string
>>> print(fill(' '.join(jj_how_to_live)))
It took someone coming back from the dead...to show me that I've been
dead, too. The problem is, I never really figured out how to live.
>>> 

>>> from pprint import pprint
>>> matt_murdock = (
...     'He spent the next month in a hospital, eating through a straw, '
...     'and I never slept better.'
... )
>>> dd = tuple(matt_murdock.split())
>>> pprint(dd)
('He',
 'spent',
 'the',
 'next',
 'month',
 'in',
 'a',
 'hospital,',
 'eating',
 'through',
 'a',
 'straw,',
 'and',
 'I',
 'never',
 'slept',
 'better.')
>>> # Elements of a tuple cannot be modified
>>> dd[-1] = 'better.\n\n- Matt Murdock'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment
>>> 

>>> robert_and_william = (
...     'Look at the creatures you have to share this world with.',
...     "I don't belong to you, or this world. ",
...     'These men of stone.',
...     'I belong to another world.',
...     'All this ugliness, all this pain, so they can patch a hole '
...     'in their own, broken code.',
...     'I always have.'
... )
>>> 
>>> for idx in range(0, 6, 2):
...     print(robert_and_william[idx])
... 
Look at the creatures you have to share this world with.
These men of stone.
All this ugliness, all this pain, so they can patch a hole in their own, broken code.
>>> for idx in range(1, 6, 2):
...     print(robert_and_william[idx])
... 
I don't belong to you, or this world. 
I belong to another world.
I always have.
>>> 

>>> apocalypse = (
...     'Always the same, and now, all this.\n',
...     'No more stones. No more spears. No more slings. No more swords. '
...     'No more weapons. No more systems. No more.\n',
...     'No more superpowers.'
... )
>>> for sentence in apocalypse:
...     print(sentence)
... 
Always the same, and now, all this.

No more stones. No more spears. No more slings. No more swords. No more weapons. No more systems. No more.

No more superpowers.
>>> 

>>> hasattr(apocalypse, '__iter__')  # Test for attribute presence
True
>>> 

>>> walkaway = "This all can't last.".split()
>>> iterator = iter(walkaway)
>>> iterator
<list_iterator object at 0x7f7062b3b790>
>>> next(iterator)
'This'
>>> next(iterator)
'all'
>>> next(iterator)
"can't"
>>> next(iterator)
'last.'
>>> next(iterator)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
StopIteration
>>> 

>>> sita = (
...     "There's more people than ever who don't have any love "
...     'for the way things are.'
... )
>>> for idx, word in enumerate(sita.split()):
...     if idx < 10:
...         print(f'{idx}:  {word}')
...     else:
...         print(f'{idx}: {word}')
... 
0:  There's
1:  more
2:  people
3:  than
4:  ever
5:  who
6:  don't
7:  have
8:  any
9:  love
10: for
11: the
12: way
13: things
14: are.
>>> 

>>> names = ('hubert', 'natalie')
>>> surnames = ('espinoza', 'redwater')
>>> for name, surname in zip(names, surnames):
...     print(f'{name} {surname}'.title())
... 
Hubert Espinoza
Natalie Redwater
>>> 

>>> from pprint import pprint
>>> mala = (
...     'Controlling yourself is overrated. '
...     "There's plenty to be said for letting go."
... ).split()
>>> pprint(mala)
['Controlling',
 'yourself',
 'is',
 'overrated.',
 "There's",
 'plenty',
 'to',
 'be',
 'said',
 'for',
 'letting',
 'go.']
>>> for_the_win = [
...     word
...     for word in mala
...     if word in ('Controlling', 'overrated.', 'letting', 'go.')
... ]
>>> for_the_win
['Controlling', 'overrated.', 'letting', 'go.']
>>> 

>>> authors = ('George Orwell', 'Aldous Huxley', 'Aldous Huxley', 'George Orwell',
...            'Cory Doctorow', 'Aldous Huxley')
>>> set(authors)
{'Cory Doctorow', 'George Orwell', 'Aldous Huxley'}
>>> 

>>> from pprint import pprint
>>> the_left_hand_of_darkness = {
...     'karhide': (
...         "Under that nation's politics and parades and passions runs an "
...         'old darkness, passive, anarchic, silent, the fecund darkness '
...         'of the Handdara.'
...     ),
...     'faxe': (
...         "There's really only one question that can be answered, Genry, "
...         'and we already know the answer....'
...     )
... }
>>> pprint(the_left_hand_of_darkness)
{'faxe': "There's really only one question that can be answered, Genry, and we "
         'already know the answer....',
 'karhide': "Under that nation's politics and parades and passions runs an old "
            'darkness, passive, anarchic, silent, the fecund darkness of the '
            'Handdara.'}
>>> the_left_hand_of_darkness.keys()
dict_keys(['karhide', 'faxe'])
>>> the_left_hand_of_darkness.values()
dict_values(["Under that nation's politics and parades and passions runs an old darkness, passive, anarchic, silent, the fecund darkness of the Handdara.", "There's really only one question that can be answered, Genry, and we already know the answer...."])
>>> for key, value in the_left_hand_of_darkness.items():
...     print(f'{key.title()}: {value}')
... 
Karhide: Under that nation's politics and parades and passions runs an old darkness, passive, anarchic, silent, the fecund darkness of the Handdara.
Faxe: There's really only one question that can be answered, Genry, and we already know the answer....
>>> 

>>> import sys
>>> from pprint import pprint  # Enable pretty printing of objects
>>> sys.argv  # Return list of command line arguments passed to Python script
['-c']
>>> pprint(sys.path)  # Pretty print module search path
['',
 '/usr/lib/python311.zip',
 '/usr/lib/python3.11',
 '/usr/lib/python3.11/lib-dynload',
 '/usr/local/lib/python3.11/dist-packages',
 '/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages',
 '/usr/lib/python3.11/dist-packages']
>>> sys.getdefaultencoding()  # Return system default text encoding
'utf-8'
>>> # Return named tuple of five components of the Python version number
>>> sys.version_info
sys.version_info(major=3, minor=11, micro=2, releaselevel='final', serial=0)
>>> 

>>> import platform
>>> platform.system()  # Return system/OS name
'Linux'
>>> platform.python_version()  # Return Python version as a string
'3.11.2'
>>> 

>>> import os
>>> os.path.expanduser('~')  # Obtain user home directory
'/home/essun'
>>> os.getcwd()  # Get current working directory
'/home/essun/books'
>>> os.listdir()  # Return list of directory entries
['the_fifth_season.md', 'the_obelisk_gate.md', 'the_stone_sky.md']
>>> 

>>> import shutil
>>> # Copy file, preserving metadata
>>> shutil.copy2('the_fifth_season.md', '/home/essun/complete/')
'/home/essun/complete/the_fifth_season.md'
>>> # Rename file
>>> shutil.move('the_fifth_season.md', 'the_fifth_season_final.md')
'the_fifth_season_final.md'
>>> # Move file
>>> shutil.move('the_obelisk_gate.md', '/home/nassun/')
'/home/nassun/the_obelisk_gate.md'
>>> # Move directory
>>> shutil.move('/home/essun/drafts/', '/home/hoa/')
'/home/hoa/drafts'
>>> 

>>> import datetime as dt
>>> dt.date.today()
datetime.date(2024, 3, 17)
>>> dt.datetime.now()
datetime.datetime(2024, 3, 17, 16, 43, 49, 998823)
>>> ukl_bday = dt.date(1929, 10, 21)
>>> ukl_bday
datetime.date(1929, 10, 21)
>>> ukl_bday.month, ukl_bday.day, ukl_bday.year
(10, 21, 1929)
>>> ukl_bday.strftime('%m/%d/%Y')
'10/21/1929'
>>> diff = dt.date.today() - ukl_bday
>>> type(diff)
<class 'datetime.timedelta'>
>>> f'{diff.days:,}'
'34,488'
>>> dt.datetime.strptime('01/22/2018', '%m/%d/%Y')
datetime.datetime(2018, 1, 22, 0, 0)
>>> 

>>> from urllib.request import urlopen
>>> from textwrap import fill  # Enable wrapping single paragraph
>>> url = (
...     'https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/'
...     'shevek-you-can-only-be-the-revolution'
... )
>>> # Open URL and read its contents
>>> with urlopen(url) as rsp:
...     content = rsp.read()
... 
>>> print(fill(content[27750:28401].decode()))
It is our suffering that brings us together. It is not love. Love does
not obey the mind, and turns to hate when forced. The bond that binds
us is beyond choice. We are brothers. We are brothers in what we
share. In pain, which each of us must suffer alone, in hunger, in
poverty, in hope, we know our brotherhood. We know it, because we have
had to learn it. We know that there is no help for us but from one
another, that no hand will save us if we do not reach out our hand.
And the hand that you reach out is empty, as mine is. You have
nothing. You possess nothing. You own nothing. You are free. All you
have is what you are, and what you give.
>>> from urllib.request import urlretrieve
>>> url = 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Dispossessed'
>>> f_path = 'the_dispossessed.html'
>>> # Copy network object to local file
>>> f_path, headers = urlretrieve(url, f_path)
>>> f_path, headers
('the_dispossessed.html', <http.client.HTTPMessage object at 0x7f34378cdf10>)
>>> for name, value in headers.items():
...     print(f'{name}: {value}')
... 
date: Sun, 24 Mar 2024 17:04:25 GMT
server: mw1487.eqiad.wmnet
x-content-type-options: nosniff
...
accept-ranges: bytes
content-length: 237497
connection: close
>>> 

>>> from time import sleep
>>> def ka() -> None:
...     '''Print message about the nature of ka.'''
...     print('Ka was like a wheel, its one purpose to turn...')
...     sleep(5)  # Pause for 5 seconds
...     print(
...         '...and in the end it always came back to the place '
...         'where it had started.'
...     )
... 
>>> ka()
Ka was like a wheel, its one purpose to turn...
...and in the end it always came back to the place where it had started.
>>> 

>>> from timeit import Timer
>>> # Time executions of the main statement
>>> Timer('stephen_king = s1 + s2', "s1, s2 = 'And each time you forget the last time. ', 'For you, each time is the first time.'").timeit()
0.09024540099926526
>>> Timer("stephen_king = f'{s1}{s2}'", "s1, s2 = 'And each time you forget the last time. ', 'For you, each time is the first time.'").timeit()
0.06281828700048209
>>> 

import datetime as dt  # Enable classes for manipulating dates and times
# Enable a portable way of using operating system dependent functionality
import os
# Enable returning Python version and system/OS name
from platform import python_version, system
# Enable printing the formatted representation of object on stream
from pprint import pprint
# Enable a number of high-level operations on files and collections of files
import shutil
# Enable access to some variables used/maintained by the interpreter and to
# functions that strongly interact with the interpreter
import sys
import time  # Enable various time-related functions
# Enable suspending execution of the calling thread
# for the given number of seconds
from time import sleep
# Enable a simple way to time small bits of Python code
import timeit
from urllib.request import urlopen  # Enable opening of URLs


#############
# Functions #
#############
def clr() -> None:
    '''Clear the screen.'''
    WIN = (system() == 'Windows')  # Determine if running Windows
    if WIN:
        os.system('cls')
    else:
        os.system('clear')

# Set Python startup file location
export PYTHONSTARTUP="${HOME}/Scripts/pythonstartup.py"